The top-level domains (TLDs) such as com, net and org
are the highest level of domain names of the Internet. Top-level domains form
the DNS root zone of the hierarchical Domain Name System.
Every domain name ends with a top-level domain label.
When the Domain Name System was
devised in the 1980s, the domain name space was divided into two main groups of
domains.[7] The country code
top-level domains (ccTLD) were primarily based on the two-character
territory codes of ISO-3166 country
abbreviations. In addition, a group of seven generic top-level
domains (gTLD) was implemented which represented a set of categories
of names and multi-organizations.[8] These were the domains gov,
edu, com, mil, org,
net, and int.
During the growth of the Internet,
it became desirable to create additional generic top-level domains. As of
October 2009, 21 generic top-level domains and 250 two-letter country-code
top-level domains existed.[9] In addition, the ARPA
domain serves technical purposes in the infrastructure of the Domain Name
System.
During the 32nd International Public
ICANN Meeting in Paris in 2008,[10] ICANN started a new process of TLD
naming policy to take a "significant step forward on the introduction
of new generic top-level domains." This program envisions the
availability of many new or already proposed domains, as well as a new
application and implementation process.[11] Observers believed that the new rules
could result in hundreds of new top-level domains to be registered.[12] In 2012, the program commenced, and
received 1930 applications.[13] By 2016, the milestone of 1000 live
gTLD was reached.
The Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains an annotated list of
top-level domains in the DNS root zone
database.
This list contains domain names such as example, local, localhost, and test. Other top-level domain names containing trade marks are registered for corporate use. Cases include brands such as BMW, Google, and Canon.
No comments:
Post a Comment